Available Literature

10 Ways to Increase Power System Availability in Data Centers
Strategies for ensuring clean, continuous power to essential IT systems.
WP09-20.PDF - (PDF, 686KB)

3-Pole and 4-Pole Transfer Switch Switching Characteristics
Whether to, and how to, switch a neutral connection when transferring a load between two separate threephase sources is a topic of frequent discussion. Should a three-pole or four-pole switch be used?
IA08700002E.pdf - (PDF, 3MB)

A Quantitative TCO Comparison of 400v AC and 600v AC Power Systems
Electrical Equipment Floor Space: This paper provides a quantitative analysis of 400V AC and 600V AC power distribution systems, at power load levels ranging from 300 kVA to 10 MVA, to determine which offers the lowest total cost of ownership (TCO).
WP09-08.PDF - (PDF, 834KB)

Branch Circuit Protection for High Density 208V Power Solutions
The following is an overview of ‘hidden’ issues that some manufacturers are not divulging about the use of Branch Circuit Protection for your high density, mission critical power units.
- (PDF, 131KB)

Choosing a UPS Service Plan
Eaton Corporation, a global leader in power quality, distribution and control, recommends the inclusion of a service plan in order to maximize the performance and reliability of an uninterruptible power system (UPS). This white paper examines the four primary options available for maintenance and service of UPS products and outlines the differences and specific advantages among these alternatives.
SVS-WP02.PDF - (PDF, 58KB)

Considering the effects of UPS operation with leading power factor loads
Over the past five years, a new generation of data processing and communications equipment has become prevalent in modern data centers and network operations centers.
- (PDF, 129KB)

Data Center – Unique Characteristics and the Role of Medium Voltage Vacuum Circuit Breakers
Data Centers are a critical part of the world economic systems. Billions of electronic transactions happen via data centers per year. These transactions can contain financial transactions that are critical to the parent company.
- (PDF, 1MB)

Distributing Power to Blade Servers
With the growth in blade servers with dual or triple power supplies, a single rack of equipment can easily produce dozens of power cords to manage—and an appetite for 20 kW or more of reliable power. Traditional power strips are just not up to the task.
- (PDF, 38KB)

Electrical Equipment Floor Space: Selected NEC Code Requirements and New Options for the Electrical System Designer
Electrical Equipment Floor Space: Selected NEC Code Requirements and New Options for the Electrical System Designer
IA08300001E.PDF - (PDF, 373KB)

Energy efficient transformers reduce data center utility costs
New legislation restricts the type of transformers you can buy, to more expensive models of new design. That’s actually good news for your power distribution system.
- (PDF, 74KB)

Harmonics in your electrical system
Harmonic currents, generated by non-linear electronic loads, increase power system heat losses and power bills of end-users. These harmonic-related losses reduce system efficiency, cause apparatus overheating, and increase power and air conditioning costs.
- (PDF, 119KB)

High Power UPS Achieves Significant Size and Weight Reductions While Enhancing Performance
First appearing at lower power levels, transformer-free UPS designs have been around two decades or so.
- (PDF, 887KB)

Increase Server Energy Efficiencies by Using High-Voltage Power Supplies and 208V UPSs
Maximizing energy efficiencies in today’s SMB IT enterprise is rapidly becoming an important factor in saving costs and reducing an organization’s carbon footprint.
WP09-11.PDF - (PDF, 119KB)

Increase the efficiency of power distribution in your high-density data center
As power density in modern data centers increases, more focus has been placed on improving efficiency in the power distribution infrastructure.
- (PDF, 507KB)

Is power your weakest link in data center flexibility?
Key considerations for power systems in adaptive IT environments.
- (PDF, 51KB)

Is your data center ready for virtualization?
Virtualization brings the potential to deliver dramatic savings in terms of server count, footprint, power consumption and cooling requirements for data centers.
WP09-06.PDF - (PDF, 498KB)

Is your data center running out of power or cooling?
To keep pace with business demands, data centers pack in more power-hungry, heatgenerating IT systems than ever. Many power and cooling systems are reaching their limits.
WP09-13.PDF - (PDF, 494KB)

Modularity in the data center power infrastructure
Building the data center to meet the needs of an uncertain future is an expensive and needless exercise in over-engineering. New designs need to be modular, with built-in expansion capabilities.
- (PDF, 1MB)

Parallel UPS configurations
Increasingly, organizations are finding that the risk of running off straight utility power—even briefly—is too great to ignore. So they deploy multiple UPS modules to ensure conditioned power even if one UPS fails.
WP09-02.PDF - (PDF, 406KB)

Power Considerations for VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) streamlines business network infrastructures, because one network does the work of two.
WP09-03.PDF - (PDF, 183KB)

Power factor as it relates to UPS products
This white paper is designed to provide clarification about issues related to UPS power factor (pf).
- (PDF, 58KB)

Power Monitoring 101
Supervisory, connectivity and protection options that add an umbrella of protection over your entire IT infrastructure.
WP09-16.PDF - (PDF, 801KB)

Powerware eNotify Remote Monitoring and Diagnostics Service
Eaton offers Powerware eNotify Remote Monitoring & Diagnostics Service for Powerware UPS service contract customers.
SER65WP.PDF - (PDF, 1MB)

Redefining the economics of running the modern data center
Is your IT organization capitalizing on the latest technology options and best practices?
WP09-04.PDF - (PDF, 1MB)

Right-Sizing Your Power Infrastructure
Data centers today are undergoing unprecedented change, as new technologies such as virtualization, cloud computing help lower operating costs, conserve floor space and simplify management.
WP09-21.PDF - (PDF, 597KB)

Static Auto Tie Mean Time Between Failure Calculations
In a dual power path UPS and distribution system where there are single power cord loads (SPCL) as well as dual power cord loads (DPCL) the availability of protected power to the SPCLs can be greatly increased by the addition of a Powerware® Static Auto Tie (SAT) to the system which will allow the elimination of all the downstream static transfer switches (STS) that serve the SPCLs.
WP07-02.PDF - (PDF, 65KB)

Straight Talk about Electrolytic Capacitors in your UPS
Electrolytic capacitors are fairly simple devices, ranging in size from a thimble to a soda can, that smooth out fluctuations in electrical voltage. A typical UPS contains a dozen or more different types and sizes of electrolytic capacitors—small ones that smooth out the power supplied to the UPS processor (its on-board intelligence), and large ones to regulate the power that flows to protected equipment.
SVS-WP05.PDF - (PDF, 77KB)

Surge Suppression Takes the Bite Out of Transients
An article from the October 2006 Plant Engineering magazine authored by Carey Mossop.
- (PDF, 564KB)

Ten Ways to Protect Your IT Infrastructure
Reduce Costs while protecting critical business systems.
- (PDF, 52KB)

The ABCs of UPS Service
Eaton Corporation, a global leader in power quality, distribution and control, recommends the inclusion of a service plan in order to maximize the performance and reliability of an uninterruptible power system (UPS). This white paper examines the basic concepts of UPS service.
SVS-WP01.PDF - (PDF, 38KB)

The Benefits of a Preventive Maintenance Service Plan for your UPS
Because companies rely on a UPS to deliver continuous power without any disruption to their business, a maintenance plan is a critical component to ensure that a UPS minimizes the risks of downtime and performs as expected.
SVS-WP04.PDF - (PDF, 259KB)

The Case for PowerChain Management Solutions
Just as supply chain management positively impacted 20th-century business, management of the power chain will equally enhance 21st-century business.
PCMWP.PDF - (PDF, 419KB)

The necessary convergence of IT and Facilities
The necessary convergence of IT and Facilities.
WP09-07.PDF - (PDF, 1MB)

The Reliability of Neutral Point Clamped vs. Cascaded H-Bridge Inverters
This paper discusses reliability of Medium Voltage Adjustable Frequency Drive designs utilizing standards of measurement of reliability.
TD02000001E.PDF - (PDF, 250KB)

The Vector Approach to Data Center Power Planning
How to avoid unplanned obsolescence in the power distribution infrastructure.
WP09-15.PDF - (PDF, 415KB)

Transient Overvoltages on Ungrounded Systems from Intermittent Ground Faults
Many papers and standards have discussed grounding of an electrical distribution system. Of course, an electrical distribution system may or may not include a reference to ground.
IA08700001E.pdf - (PDF, 838KB)

What your IT equipment needs from a UPS
The top five requirements that define “quality power” in the eyes of the power supplies in your IT systems.
WP09-12.PDF - (PDF, 534KB)

Which UPS is right for the job?
Considerations in choosing standby, line-interactive, double-conversion designs—and new high-efficiency, multi-mode capabilities—for your data center.
WP09-19.PDF - (PDF, 2MB)

Who tripped the circuit?
The clear-cut case for branch circuit monitoring in data centers.
- (PDF, 134KB)